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"Types of Walking Sellers" ("Tipos de Rua") at the National History Museum
These 19th and 20th-century works made in carved wood by Bahian artist Erotides Americo de Araujo Lopes represent Black female workers on the streets of Brazil. These women, both enslaved and free, are also called "ganhadeiras," referring to the…
A map of the Floresta da Tijuca
Map of the Tijuca forest made in in azulejos (Portuguese ceramic tiles) and designed by Castro Maya in 1943-46. The Tijuca forest was the first protected public area established in Brazil by Dom Pedro II in 1861, and efforts to reforest the land…
Allegory to the Law of the Free Womb at the National History Museum
Sculpture made by A.D. Bressae in 1871, a boy carries in one hand a sign that read "Honor to Dom Pedro II" and a broken chain in the other. It is a typical example of how artistic representations of historical events distort reality by celebrating…
Cais do Valongo (Valongo Wharf)
The Valongo Wharf was the main port of arrival of enslaved Africans in the Americas from 1811 until 1831, with an estimate of about one million people landing there. Many of them died shortly after disembarkment, and those who had survived the…
Cannon yard (pátio dos canhões) at the National History Museum
Cannons left from the original fortress of Santiago which included the Trem House for guarding artillery and the War Arsenal. The region where the museum is located was a military area until 1908, when the War Arsenal was transferred to Ponta do…
